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3D printing thermistor


3D Printer Thermistors - 3DJake International

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  • E3D Prusa Thermistor

    • Spare thermistor
    • Especially for Prusa

  • E3D Thermistor

    • Easy connection
    • Cartridge style
    • With extension cord

  • Creality Hotend Thermistor 3 Model types

    • Original spare part
    • Available for various 3D printers

  • BondTech DDX Thermistor Adapter

    • For Copperhead and Mosquito heating block

  • E3D PT1000 Temperature Sensor

    • For high temperatures
    • Accurate measurement
    • Easy installation

  • Slice engineering 300°C Thermistor

    • From room temperature to 300 ° C
    • 3 mm connection
    • High compatibility

  • Artillery Thermistor 5 Model types

    • Original spare part

  • BondTech HeatLink Cable JST XHP-​2

    • For numerous 3D printers
    • Easy to use

  • Zortrax Thermocouple + Heater

    • Original spare part

  • BondTech PT1000 RTD Temperature Sensor

    • Platinum-based resistor
    • Robust sensor in thin-film construction
    • -50 ° C - 500 ° C

  • BondTech HeatLink Cable JST XH-​2

    • For numerous 3D printers
    • Easy to use

  • Qidi Tech Hotend Thermistor 5 Model types

    • Original spare part
    • By Qidi Tech

  • BondTech HeatLink 300C Thermistor

    • Easy to use
    • For numerous 3D printers
    • Plug & Play

  • Creality Thermistor Kit

    • Easy installation
    • High precision
    • For hotend & heated bed

  • 3D Solex Temperature Sensor PT100 UM2 / +

    • Tested & Approved
    • High-quality
    • Length: 134 cm

  • E3D PT100 Temperature Sensor

    • Highest precision
    • Suitable for high temperatures
    • Up to 500 ° C

  • E3D PT100 Amplifier Board

    • Upgrade for PT100 sensor
    • More accurate temperature measurement at high temperatures

  • BondTech HeatLink cable JST SMP-​02V-​BC

    • Easy to use
    • For numerous 3D printers
    • Plug & Play

  • BondTech Molex MX-​50-​57-​9002 HeatLink Cable

    • Easy to use
    • For numerous 3D printers
    • Plug & Play

  • E3D Thermistor Replacement Kit

    • Package for changing the thermistor

  • FlashForge Temperature Ssensor 2 Model types

    • Original Flashforge
    • High-quality

  • E3D 100k Ohm NTC Thermistor -​ Semitec

    • Spare part for V5 hot ends

  • Elegoo Thermistor 4 Model types

    • Original spare part
    • High-quality
    • By Elegoo

  • Qidi Tech High Temp Hotend Thermistor

    • Original spare part
    • From Qidi Tech

All prices incl. VAT.

Temperature sensors used in 3D printers

This post will help you understand the differences and the operation of most common temperature sensors used in 3D Printing.

Each type of sensor has many key performance aspects and the goal of this topic is to compare them in details.

Part 1 will explain the most common sensor types and will take a look at the boards.

Part 2 will go in details about the performance between sensors while keeping in mind the 3D printer application.

Part 3 will provide explanations regarding our choice to go with a thermistor. Finally, some common mistakes are explained regarding temperature sensors.

Do not hesitate if you have any comments or suggestions that could improve this blog.

The most common sensor types are the following:

Thermistor

Thermistor are resistor whose resistance changes with temperature. Most commonly used type in 3D printers is NTC, standing for “Negative Temperature Coefficient”. When the temperature increase, the resistance decrease.

They are made from semiconductors, mostly silicon and germanium, and their resistance value can vary by many order of magnitude in their temperature range. A 100k NTC thermistor has a resistance of 100kΩ (100 000Ω) at room temperature (20°C) and drops as low as 100Ω at 300°C.

RTD

RTD are very similar to thermistors in term of operation. Rather than having a semiconductor, these are made from metals, mostly platinum, nickel or copper. RTD stands for “Resistance Temperature Detectors”. Most commonly used type in 3D printers is PT100. It has a resistance of 100Ω at 0°C.

With an RTD sensor, the resistance slowly increases with temperature. At 400°C, a PT100 will reach 250Ω. The variation is almost linear.

Thermocouple

Thermocouple operates in a totally different way than the other sensors. They are made from two different metals which generate a very small voltage depending on temperature. The most common type used in 3D printers is K and is made from chromel and alumel.

The voltage increase from 0mV to 20mV from 0°C to 500°C. As with PT100, the variation is almost linear at 41 µV/°C.

Please note that the picture shows a welded bead sensor which shouldn’t be used inside a 3D printer. The actual thermocouple should be inside an electrically insulated housing to prevent any noise or ground effect. A housing can be threaded, cylindrical or flat (crimped).

3D Printers manufacturer and motherboard sensor table

Here is a list of 3D printer manufacturers with the sensor types they are using.

The main driving part inside a printer for sensor choice is the motherboard. Each motherboard has unique components which decide what sensor is meant to be used. The most common is the thermistor, which only requires a pull-up resistor to work.

Both RTD and thermocouple require an IC (Integrated Circuit) built for processing their respective signal. These add-on boards are compatible with most boards via I2C and SPI pins for communication, or analog pins. Some specialized boards, such as the Duet Wifi, offer specialized add-on board to enable thermocouple and RTD readings.

Thermistor RTD Thermocouple
Printers Prusa, Robo3D, BCN3D, Kossel, Makergear,
MendelMax, LulzBot, Printrbot, Mendel90,
And many more RepRap…		 Ultimaker MakerBot, FlashForge, CTC,
Wanhao Duplicator

Motherboards

8 bits

 RAMPS, Rambo RUMBA, Melzi, Sanguinololu, Generation 6, Azteeg X1, Azteeg X3 Ultimaker PCB, Ultimaker Board MightyBoard, Azteeg X3 Pro, Megatronics

Motherboards

32 bits

 Smoothieboard, AZSMZ, R2C2, Generation 7, Duet, Replicape Alligator Board RADDS

Thermal sensor performance

Below is a graphical comparison for certain key aspects of temperature sensing in 3D printers. Please note that these values are based on the most common microcontroller configuration used in 3D printing, which is 8 bits microcontroller with 10 bits ADC. Having a higher resolution will improve resolution. Most 32 bits microcontroller benefit from a 12 bits ADC.

Better resolution can be obtained with specialized measurement devices, such as MAX31855, AD595, MAX6675 for thermocouple and MAX31865 for RTD, these are considered with both the RTD and thermocouple, as they are required.

The key performance aspects will be explained and detailed in part 2.

Thermistor

RTD

Thermocouple

Conclusion

Thanks for reading! This part was a short summary of thermal sensors used in 3D printer.

Follow on the next part, there will be a lot of interesting details about performance and in depth analysis!

Source

Sources

Control Engineering : Temperature tutorial

Improving the accuracy of temperature measurements

Overview of temperature sensors

RTD and thermistor comparison

PT100 tolerance classes

Thermocouple accuracy

Thermistor Accuracy

"Watchman" of a 3D printer and a thermistor tester / Sudo Null IT News Most of them have protection against uncontrolled overheating of the table, and if the temperature exceeds the set value, the heater is turned off.

Never disable this feature.

But MOSFETs and solid state relays that control the heater sometimes “fly out”, after which the table warms up to the maximum achievable temperature, and it becomes impossible to turn it off programmatically. Mains-powered heaters are especially dangerous. nine0003

The proposed device measures the temperature of the table with a thermistor, after completion it can additionally monitor the heating of other points, for example, nozzles and stepper motor drivers. If it overheats, it turns off the mains power to the printer.

With all the variety of sensors for measuring temperature, the author's choice fell on a 100 kΩ thermistor type 3950 with a negative temperature coefficient. It is also used in the 3D printers themselves, so such thermistors can be tested with the device.

You will need:

  • Arduino Uno or Nano (I used Nano with expansion module)
  • LCD 2 lines x 16 characters with serial interface and bus adapter I 2 C

  • Encoder KY040
  • Relay module for Arduino with optocoupler and five-volt control (the translator would add a contactor with bridge contacts after it)
  • 5 volt sounder with built-in generator
    • nine0013 Type 3950 100 kΩ NTC thermistor. Additional thermistors of the same type if you are going to make a device with multipoint measurement
  • Inlet 3-pin connector for standard computer power cord
  • Socket with earth contact for connecting your 3D printer
  • 12-volt power supply, for example, from a router.
  • Conductors, hardware, soldering iron, 3D printer for printing the device case, etc. nine0014

The author printed PLA body parts with 25% infill. STL files are included.

Body

Front panel

Cover

Handle

Follow the diagram and comments in the sketch for assembly. You can use DuPont jumpers or solder wires to pins on the board. Use wires long enough to fit everything into the case and nothing is pulled when you remove the front panel. The Vref line is connected to a 3.3V source to improve accuracy. nine0003

Schematic link

The input connector and socket can be placed on the case, or you can make the design fixed by including it in the break of the printer power cord. Be careful when working with mains voltage .

The use of normally open contacts ensures that voltage is supplied to the printer only if two conditions are met simultaneously: the watchdog is powered, and there is no overheating. Once overheating is detected, the printer remains offline even if mains power is lost and restored until the device is manually reset. nine0003

Before uploading the sketch, add the LiquidCrystal_I2C and EEPROM libraries to the Arduino IDE.

Sketch

After turning on the LCD will show the current temperature and the maximum temperature for the entire observation period.

The LCD will then show the target temperature.

Press the encoder knob to reset the maximum temperature.

Set the target temperature by turning the knob, then press to save the change.

If overheating is detected, the watchdog will turn off the printer and beep for one minute. The device will not resume power until manually reset. nine0003

Press the encoder knob to reset and restore power to the printer.

The maximum and target temperatures, as well as the state of overheating, are stored in non-volatile memory to prevent the printer from turning on spontaneously when power is lost and restored.

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Discounts

  • ABS plastic SEM 1.75mm White 900g

    1190 RUB Add to cart

    1 pc. in stock

    ABS plastic SEM 1.75mm White 900g

    ABS plastic for 3D printers with a diameter of 1.75 mm from the domestic manufacturer SEM. Designed for the manufacture of parts for housings, various designs, kitchen products, as well as medical supplies. Printed products can be used in water, for example in the manufacture of parts for sanitary ware or aquariums. The material is suitable for various FDM 3D printers. nine0003

    1190 RUB

  • Sale!

    ABS plastic SEM 1.75mm Yellow 900g

    1190 RUB Add to cart

    1 pc. in stock

    ABS plastic SEM 1.75mm Yellow 900g

    ABS plastic for 3D printers with a diameter of 1.75 mm from the domestic manufacturer SEM. Designed for the manufacture of parts for housings, various designs, kitchen products, as well as medical supplies. Printed products can be used in water, for example in the manufacture of parts for sanitary ware or aquariums. The material is suitable for various FDM 3D printers. nine0003

    1190 RUB

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