3D geometric shapes to print cut and fold

Materials and tools. The main tool in paper plastic is a cutter (clerical knife). Scissors are needed for cutting paper, making various patterns, cuts, notches, etc. A ruler, preferably a metal one 25-30 cm long, because plastic and wooden rulers are not accurate and quickly fail. Compasses, for constructing a circle and dividing it into six parts. nine0013

3. Doing work.

Today we got acquainted with the paper-plastic technique, watched a multimedia presentation in this area, and looked at and touched what this technique is on a visual aid. And now we will try to perform the exercise "star". To do this, your workplace should have tools such as: a ruler, a pencil, an eraser, a cutter, scissors. The exercise will be done on paper. Each of you also has a template on the tables for performing work with given dimensions. Please note: the yellow line is the construction, we cut it out along the brown line, we cut the straight green lines with a cutter and bend it away from ourselves, the green dotted lines are cut with a cutter and bend it towards ourselves. We begin the work with a drawn circle with a diameter of 20 cm. After that, we proceed to drawing auxiliary lines and proceed to design. nine0013

4. Consolidation of the material covered.

So our creative lesson has come to an end. We got acquainted with a new direction in art - paper-plastic technique. So tell me please, what is the difference between paper sculpture and clay sculpture? In which country abroad is this technique used, and what is its name there? What materials may we need to create a paper composition?

Do-it-yourself unusual paper figures schemes. Geometric shapes made of paper. Gluing templates

Nowadays, probably, everything is made of paper. The huge demand for this product is due to its wide popularity and extensive scope. Today we will talk about do-it-yourself volumetric paper figures. For some people, this hobby develops into a profitable business. profession, because one can only say about their exhibits that this is a real work of art.

In the modular origami technique, three-dimensional paper figures are assembled from a large number of identical parts (modules). Each module is folded according to the rules of classic origami from one sheet of paper, and then the modules are connected by nesting them into each other. At the same time, the friction force does not allow the structure to disintegrate. In the modular origami technique, boxes, flat and voluminous stars, spherical objects are often made, which in Russia received the inaccurate name kusudama, since initially kusudama involved stitching modules into a ball. nine0013

Wet origami - closer to reality

There is another type of popular origami - wet folding. To give smooth lines, the paper is slightly moistened with a sponge or spray gun. Most often used to create animal figurines. Wet paper is more pliable and holds its shape better after drying. The peculiarity is that by wetting the structure again, you can give it a different shape without tearing the paper.

Kirigami - volumes from the plane

Scissors and glue can be used for the kirigami technique. Crafts using the kirigami technique are somewhat reminiscent of children's panorama books. Also, this technique is often compared to ‘pop-up’ postcards. Unlike traditional pop-up cards, these paper models are usually cut and folded from a single sheet of paper. Most often, they develop three-dimensional reproductions of architecture, geometric patterns and various everyday objects, etc.

Kusudama - rounded shapes

Kusudama technique has the same principle as modular origami. The main difference is that the figures have a spherical shape, and the parts for connection can not only be nested one into the other, but also glued or sewn.

Cubecraft - square bun with many faces

This is a modern paper craft technique. In this technique, all the figures are folded according to the same pattern. The point is that you can make figurines of various famous characters from movies, comics, cartoons, as well as real personalities: politicians, musicians, actors, etc. Such figurines are put on the table as a reminder or just to please the eye. nine0013

Papier-mache - remembering childhood

The name of papier-mâché technique is translated from French as “chewed paper”. But you will be surprised when you learn that China is the birthplace of this technique. The technique consists in multi-layer gluing pieces of paper soaked in a paste. Then the paper figures are primed and painted. You can make anything from papier-mâché (vases, toys, mugs), but most often they make masks.

Decoupage - decorate old things

Decoupage in translation means "cutting". Most often, the decoupage technique is used for old furniture - some dragons or birds, plants or animals are cut out. It gives a new shine to old things. It is also used in the creation of exclusive interior items, in the design of clothes and the manufacture of fashion accessories.

Facing - quilling in a new way

Using the trimming technique, you can make beautiful postcards or even pictures. Quilling uses long strips that are wound around a thin stick. Small squares are also cut here. Then, a stick is applied to the center of the square, and this square is wound on it. The resulting part is glued to the base. It turns out sometimes unusual and very voluminous. nine0013

Paper art - metal imitation

This technique was invented in 2006 and basically contains imitation of metal and wood from paper napkins. The technique imitates wood carving or metal chasing. Coloring and patination gives natural textures. Strips of napkins soaked in water are twisted into threads, then a pattern is laid out of them and fixed with glue. After drying, it remains only to paint and give naturalness.

Iris Fold - Rainbow Fold nine0424

To make a craft using this technique, you need to cut several strips of paper of different colors and lay them in a spiral or in another fancy way. It all looks like a multifaceted figure. The imposition of translucent papers on top of each other gives interesting effects when decorating.

Pergamano - painstaking work

Patterns and decorations in this technique are made on parchment paper using perforation and embossing. Most often, the parchment technique is used in the manufacture of postcards and invitations. nine0013

Katagami - need a sharp knife

Some more Japanese paper art. Katagami is the art of cutting whole pictures out of rice paper using a special sharp knife and stencil or along a drawn line. Most often used for paintings.

A collage is an image composed of various pieces of paper (wallpaper, newspapers, magazines, photographs, etc.) that differ in color and texture. Previously, they cut out pictures from magazines, newspapers, books and decorated things with them (remember your grandmother's suitcase or dressing table). Now this old technique has again become fashionable and is widely used in various countries when decorating handbags, hats, trays, Christmas tree decorations, sundials, caskets, dishes, packages, etc.

Paper modeling - paper becomes…

Special interest, paper simulation . You can create almost any volumetric paper shape with your own hands. Starting from military equipment, architectural monuments and ending with various types of animals, both known to everyone and fictional. Of course, ideally, you need to be able to do everything (drawings, details, etc.) with your own hands, but for starters, you can use the Internet. Through the search, you can find a lot of drawings and layouts that can be printed on a printer, cut and glued. There are even special sites that store paper models: airplanes, cars, movie and cartoon characters. nine0013

All of the listed paper craft techniques have their own nuances, advantages and disadvantages. But most importantly, when choosing what kind of paper art to do, I advise you to be guided solely by your own heart. In order to make a bewitching figurine, you must truly love this business.

This is painstaking work that requires care and patience, and only with a strong desire can everything be done as it should be. The admiring glances of friends and praise addressed to you can become a reward for you. nine0013

Paper products look very nice if everything is cut and assembled evenly. The main thing is that no special skills are required to create such figures. Enough carefully connect everything. With a little practice, you will get everything much faster and smoother.

An example of how unusual paper shapes can be can be seen in the video below. I advise everyone to see it, because it is really unusual and a masterpiece. nine0013

Rectangle, square, triangle, trapezium and others - geometric figures from the exact science section. The pyramid is a polyhedron. The base of this figure is a polygon, and the side faces are triangles with a common vertex, or trapezoid. For a complete presentation and study of any geometric object, mock-ups are made. Use the most diverse material from which the pyramid is made. The surface of a polyhedral figure, developed on a plane, is called its development. The method of converting flat objects into volumetric polyhedra and certain knowledge from geometry will help to create a layout. It is not easy to make reamers from paper or cardboard. You will need the ability to perform drawings according to given dimensions. nine0013

Materials and fixtures

Modeling and execution of multifaceted three-dimensional geometric shapes is an interesting and exciting process. From paper, you can make a large number of various layouts. For work you will need:

• paper or cardboard;
• scissors;
• pencil;
• ruler;
• compass;
• eraser;
• glue.

Determining the parameters

First of all, let's define what the pyramid will be. The development of this figure is the basis for the manufacture of a three-dimensional figure. Doing the job will require extreme precision. If the drawing is incorrect, it will be impossible to assemble a geometric figure. Suppose you need to make a layout of the correct

Any geometric body has certain properties. This figure has a base and its top is projected into its center. Selected as the basis This condition determines the name. The side edges of the pyramid are triangles, the number of which depends on the polyhedron chosen for the base. In this case, there will be three. It is also important to know the dimensions of all the constituent parts of which the pyramid will be composed. Paper sweeps are performed in accordance with all data of a geometric figure. The parameters of the future model are negotiated in advance. The choice of material used depends on these data. nine0013

How is a regular pyramid unfolded?

The basis of the model is a sheet of paper or cardboard. Work begins with a pyramid drawing. The figure is shown expanded. A flat image on paper corresponds to pre-selected dimensions and parameters. has a regular polygon as its base, and its altitude passes through its center. Let's start with a simple model. In this case, it is a triangular pyramid. Determine the dimensions of the selected shape.

To build a net of a pyramid, the base of which is a regular triangle, in the center of the sheet, using a ruler and a pencil, draw the base of the given dimensions. Next, to each of its sides, we draw the side faces of the pyramid - triangles. Now let's move on to building them. The dimensions of the sides of the triangles of the lateral surface are measured with a compass. We put the leg of the compass at the top of the drawn base and make a notch. We repeat the action, moving to the next point of the triangle. The intersection obtained as a result of such actions will determine the vertices of the side faces of the pyramid. We connect them to the base. We get a drawing of a pyramid. For gluing a three-dimensional figure, valves are provided on the sides of the side faces. We finish drawing small trapeziums. nine0013

Assembling the layout

Cut out the completed pattern along the contour with scissors. Gently bend the scan along all lines. We fill the trapezoid valves inside the figure so that its faces close. Lubricate them with glue. After thirty minutes, the glue will dry. Volumetric figure is ready.

First, let's imagine what a geometric figure looks like, the layout of which we will make. The base of the chosen pyramid is a quadrilateral. Lateral ribs - triangles. For work, we use the same materials and fixtures as in the previous version. The drawing is done on paper with a pencil. In the center of the sheet, draw a quadrilateral with the selected parameters. nine0013

Divide each side of the base in half. We draw a perpendicular, which will be the height of the triangular face. With a compass solution equal to the length of the side face of the pyramid, we make notches on the perpendiculars, setting its leg to the top of the base. We connect both corners of one side of the base with the obtained point on the perpendicular. As a result, we get a square in the center of the drawing, on the faces of which triangles are drawn. To fix the model on the side faces, draw auxiliary valves. For reliable fastening, a centimeter-wide strip is enough. The pyramid is ready for assembly. nine0013

The final stage of the layout

Cut out the resulting pattern of the figure along the contour. Bend the paper along the drawn lines. The volumetric figure is collected by gluing. Lubricate the provided valves with glue and fix the resulting model.

3D models of complex shapes

After completing a simple polyhedron model, you can move on to more complex geometric shapes. The development of a truncated pyramid is much more difficult to perform. Its bases are similar polyhedra. The side faces are trapezoids. The sequence of work will be the same as that in which a simple pyramid was made. The sweep will be more cumbersome. To complete the drawing, use a pencil, a compass and a ruler. nine0013

Building a drawing

The development of a truncated pyramid is performed in several stages. The side face of the truncated pyramid is a trapezoid, and the bases are similar polyhedra. Let's say they are squares. On a sheet of paper, we draw a trapezoid with the given dimensions. We extend the sides of the resulting figure to the intersection. The result is an isosceles triangle. We measure its side with a compass. On a separate sheet of paper we build which will be the measured distance. nine0013

The next step is to build the side edges that the truncated pyramid has. The sweep is performed inside the drawn circle. The lower base of the trapezoid is measured with a compass. On the circle we mark five points that connect the lines with its center. We get four isosceles triangles. With a compass we measure the side of the trapezoid drawn on a separate sheet. This distance is set aside on each side of the drawn triangles. We connect the obtained points. The side faces of the trapezoid are ready. It remains only to draw the upper and lower bases of the pyramid. In this case, these are similar polyhedra - squares. Draw squares to the upper and lower bases of the first trapezoid. The drawing shows all the parts that the pyramid has. The sweep is almost ready. It remains only to finish the connecting valves on the sides of the smaller square and one of the faces of the trapezoid. nine0013

Completion of modeling

Before gluing the three-dimensional figure, the drawing is cut out along the contour with scissors. Next, the scan is carefully bent along the drawn lines. Mounting valves are filled inside the model. Lubricate them with glue and press them to the edges of the pyramid. Let the models dry.

Making different models of polyhedrons

Making three-dimensional models of geometric shapes is an exciting experience. To master it thoroughly, you should start by performing the simplest scans. Gradually moving from simple crafts to more complex models, you can begin to create the most intricate designs. nine0013

Large selection of developments of simple geometric shapes.

Children's first introduction to paper modeling always starts with simple geometric shapes such as the cube and the pyramid. Not many succeed in gluing a cube the first time, sometimes it takes several days to make a truly even and flawless cube. More complex cylinder and cone shapes require several times more effort than a simple cube. If you don’t know how to carefully glue geometric shapes, then it’s too early for you to take on complex models. Take care of yourself and teach your children to crate these “elements” of modeling from ready-made scans. nine0013

To begin with, of course, I suggest learning how to glue an ordinary cube. Reamers are made for two cubes, large and small. A more complex figure is a small cube because it is more difficult to glue it than a large one.

So let's get started! Download the development of all the figures on five sheets and print on thick paper. Before you print and glue geometric shapes, be sure to read the article on how to choose paper and how to cut, bend and glue paper in general. nine0013

For better printing, I advise you to use the AutoCAD program, and I give you a scan for this program, and also read how to print from AutoCAD. Cut out the development of the cubes from the first sheet, along the fold lines, be sure to draw a compass needle under the iron ruler so that the paper folds well. Now you can start gluing the cubes.

To save paper and for every fireman, I made several unfoldings of a small cube, you never know if you want to glue more than one cube or something will not work the first time. Another simple figure is a pyramid, you will find its sweeps on the second sheet. Similar pyramids cost the ancient Egyptians, though not made of paper and not so small :)0013

And this is also a pyramid, but unlike the previous one, it has not four, but three sides.

Development of triangular pyramid on the first sheet for printing.

And another funny pyramid of five faces, its development on the 4th sheet in the form of an asterisk in two copies.

A more complex figure is the pentahedron, although the pentahedron is more difficult to draw than to glue.

Reaming of the pentahedron on the second sheet. nine0013

So we got to the complex figures. Now you have to tighten up, gluing such figures is not easy! To begin with, a regular cylinder, its development on the second sheet.

And this is a more complex figure compared to the cylinder, because at its base is not a circle, but an oval.

Development of this figure on the second sheet, two spare parts made for the oval base.

To accurately assemble the cylinder, its parts must be glued end-to-end. On the one hand, the bottom can be glued without problems, just put a pre-glued tube on the table, put a circle on the bottom and fill it with glue from the inside. Make sure that the diameter of the pipe and the round bottom fit snugly together, without gaps, otherwise the glue will leak and everything will stick to the table. The second circle will be more difficult to glue, so glue auxiliary rectangles inside at a paper thickness distance from the edge of the pipe. These rectangles will not let the base fall inward, now you can glue the circle on top without any problems. nine0013

A cylinder with an oval base can be glued in the same way as a regular cylinder, but it has a lower height, so it is easier to insert a paper accordion inside, and put the second base on top and glue it along the edge.

Now a very complex figure - a cone. Its details are on the third sheet, a spare circle for the bottom on the 4th sheet. The whole difficulty of gluing the cone is in its sharp top, and then it will be very difficult to glue the bottom.

A complex and at the same time simple figure is a ball. The ball consists of 12 pentahedrons, the development of the ball is on the 4th sheet. First, the two halves of the ball are glued, and then both are glued together. nine0013

Quite an interesting figure - a rhombus, its details are on the third sheet.

And now two very similar, but completely different figures, their difference is only in the base.

When you glue these two figures, you will not immediately understand what they are, they turned out to be completely unreceptive.

Another interesting figurine is a torus, only it is very simplified here, its details are on the 5th sheet.

And finally, the last figure from equilateral triangles, I don't even know what to call it, but the figure looks like a star. Development of this figure on the fifth sheet. nine0013

That's all for today! I wish you success in this difficult work!

The most complex and unusual forms of structures, devices, mechanisms are based on elementary geometric figures: a cube, a prism, a pyramid, a ball, and others. First, learn how to create the simplest shapes, and then you can easily master more complex shapes.

Many modellers start out with paper models. This is due to the availability of the material (finding paper and cardboard is not difficult) and ease of processing (no special tools are required). nine0013

However, paper also has a number of characteristic features:

• capricious, fragile material
• requires high accuracy, attentiveness, perseverance when working

For these reasons, paper is a material for both beginners and real masters, and models of the most varied complexity are created from it.

In this article we will study the simplest geometric shapes that can be made from paper.

You will need the following materials:

• paper sheet
• pencil
• ruler
• eraser
• scissors
• PVA glue or glue stick
• glue brush, preferably with stiff bristles
• compass (for some figures)

How to make a paper cube?

A cube is a regular polyhedron, each face of which is a square.

Creating a cube consists of two stages: creating a development and gluing. figures. To create a diagram, you can use the printer by simply printing the finished diagram. Or you can draw a sweep yourself using drawing tools. nine0013

Drawing a net:

1. Select the size of the square - one side of our cube. The piece of paper should be at least 3 sides wide of this square and a little over 4 sides long.
2. We draw four squares in the length of our sheet, which will become the sides of the cube. We draw them strictly on the same line, close to each other.
3. Above and below any of the squares, draw one of the same square.
4. We finish drawing strips for gluing, with the help of which the faces will be connected to each other. Each two faces should be connected by one strip. nine0497
5. The cube is ready!

After drawing, cut the reamer with scissors and glue the PVA. Spread the glue with a very thin layer evenly with a brush over the gluing surface. We connect the surfaces and fix in the desired position for a while, using a paper clip or a small load. The glue setting time is about 30-40 minutes. Drying can be accelerated by heating, for example, on a battery. After we glue the following faces, fix in the desired position. Etc. So gradually you will glue all the faces of the cube. Use small amounts of glue! nine0013

How to make a paper cone?

A cone is a body obtained by combining all the rays emanating from one point (the top of the cone) and passing through a flat surface.

Draw a net:

1. Draw a circle with a compass
2. Cut out a sector (a part of a circle bounded by an arc of a circle and two radii drawn to the ends of this arc) from this circle. The larger the sector you cut out, the sharper the end of the cone will be.
3. We glue the side surface of the cone. nine0497
4. We measure the diameter of the base of the cone. Using a compass, draw a circle on a sheet of paper of the required diameter. We finish drawing triangles for gluing the base with the side surface. Cut out.
5. Glue the base to the side surface.
6. The cone is ready!

How to make a paper cylinder?

A cylinder is a geometric body bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes crossing it.

Drawing a net:

1. We draw a rectangle on paper, in which the width is the height of the cylinder, and the length will determine the diameter of the future figure. The ratio of the length of the rectangle to the diameter is determined by the expression: L=πD, where L is the length of the rectangle, and D is the diameter of the future cylinder. Substituting the required diameter into the formula, we find the length of the rectangle that we will draw on paper. We finish drawing small additional triangles that are necessary for gluing parts.
nine0496 Draw two circles on paper, the diameter of the cylinder. This will be the top and bottom base of the cylinder.
2. Cut out all the details of the future paper cylinder.
3. We glue the side surface of the cylinder from a rectangle. Let the parts dry. Glue the bottom base. We are waiting for drying. Glue the top base.
4. Cylinder ready!

How to make a box out of paper?

A parallelepiped is a polyhedron with six faces and each of them is a parallelogram. nine0013

Drawing a flat pattern:

1. Select the dimensions of the box and the angles.
2. We draw a parallelogram - the base. On each side, draw the sides - parallelograms. From any of the side, draw the second base. Add strips for gluing. A cuboid can be rectangular if the sides are rectangles. If the box is not rectangular, then creating a net is a little more difficult. For each parallelogram, the required angles must be maintained. nine0497
3. Cut out the scan and glue.
4. The box is ready!

How to make a paper pyramid?

A pyramid is a polyhedron, the base of which is a polygon, and the remaining faces are triangles with a common vertex.

Drawing a net:

1. Select the size of the pyramid and the number of its faces.
2. Drawing a base - a polyhedron. Depending on the number of faces, it can be a triangle, square, pentagon or other polyhedron. nine0497
3. Draw a triangle from one of the sides of the base, which will be the side. We draw the next triangle so that one side of it is in common with the previous one, and so on. So we draw as many triangles as there are sides in the pyramid. We finish the strips for gluing in the right places.
4. Cut out and glue the shape.
5. The pyramid is ready!

is fun and easy to do, the main thing is to choose a theme that will be interesting for children. Despite the fact that today you can use any materials for children's art, paper is still a favorite. It is interesting and easy to work with her at any age: for the smallest pupils of the kindergarten, and for younger schoolchildren. nine0013

If we consider, then the most common themes for creativity are various animals and insects, and if we create three-dimensional figures, then we suggest you make colorful caterpillars. Although it seems that this is an elementary craft, we will present you the most interesting master classes that will be interesting to repeat with your own hands.

Sometimes to create 3D DIY paper crafts , you need to buy some special paper, thick enough, embossed or with an unusual pattern. But for our master classes, you do not have to run around the shops in search of unusual materials, we need to buy the most common set of colored sheets. For a multi-colored caterpillar, we need the whole palette of colors. nine0013

Sometimes just cutting out is enough paper craft templates, 3D Then glue the figures, but for this work you will not even need printed templates. The main part of our creative task will be an oval, and since we will have to cut out several identical ovals, it would be more correct to prepare one cardboard stencil and then transfer it to colored sheets.

This is the whole set of necessary materials, but be sure that 3D paper and cardboard crafts nine0004 will turn out beautiful and unique. So, we have a suitable stencil "Oval" and we need to circle it on colored sheets, and the more colors there are, the more elegant and colorful the caterpillar will turn out. From one color, you can cut 2-3 ovals, and then glue them, alternating with each other.