Antikythera 3d print

Greece: Students 3D Print Operational Antikythera Mechanism - 3DPrint.com

In ‘Studying, designing, and 3D printing an operational model of the antikythera mechanism,’ authors Georgios Mavromanolakis, T Manousos, M Kechri, P. L. Kollia, G Kanellopoulos outline an educational project where students and teachers in Greece worked to design and fabricate a functional replica of the Antikythera mechanism—an intriguing and ancient relic thought to be the world’s first analog computer, created thousands of years ago. Because of its history, it is easy to see how such a design would grab the interest of STEM students just becoming interested in learning about 3D scanning, design, and printing.

STEM learning is alluring on its own—aside from the concept of creating a 2,100-year-old artifact with a fascinating and even mysterious background. The authors were able to pique the curiosity of their students with the story of a second-century B.C. ‘device’ that was found by divers in 1901, diving off Antikythera in Greece.

The level of sophistication in the mechanical device—one full of secrets, codes, and functions—allowed it to calculate astronomical data, along with information about the sun, the moon, and more. The students were hooked by the subject matter as they journeyed deep into the world of science, technology, engineering, and math.

“The mechanism also predicted lunar and solar eclipses and displayed information on periodic events of social significance in the ancient world such as the Olympiad and other important Panhellenic Games. In a nutshell, the device is a mechanical realization of the scientific knowledge and understanding of the cosmos of that epoch,” state the authors. “It is internationally known as an artefact of unprecedented human ingenuity and scientific, historic and symbolic value. Since its discovery it has inspired scientists and engineers with its degree of technical and scientific sophistication.”

The STEM course—meant for students ages 15-18—was comprised of 20 sessions, split into five segments, begun in 2014, not required, and not involving any homework or outside responsibilities. The basic mission of the class was described as: ‘study, analyze, design and build/3D print an operational model of the Antikythera Mechanism.’ The five phases of the course were defined as follows:

Phase I – Study and analysis
Phase II – 3D design
Phase III – 3D printing
Phase IV – Assembly
Phase V – Presentation

Poster/leaflet about the course distributed and posted at the announcement boards of the school. Its main message line reads “study, analyse, design and build/3d print an operational model of the Antikythera Mechanism”.

Upon completion of the 3D printed device, the students celebrated the end of a complex project, discussing and reflecting on the process, along with delving into the different ways they were able to problem solve during the class. Afterward, they visited the National Archaeological Museum of Athens to see the fragments of the Antikythera Mechanism.

“In this course high school students are gradually introduced into the 3D printing technology, its applications and potential and are engaged in a challenging collaborative project in which they have to study, analyze, design and build an operational model of a renown ancient artefact, the Antikythera Mechanism,” concluded the authors. “To accomplish this, they acquire solid knowledge and understanding by inquiry and practice in a variety of curriculum subjects of physics, astronomy, mathematics, geometry, informatics, engineering/technology and also history and ancient Greek language.”

3D printing in the educational setting has proven time and again to be invaluable as students learn skills they can use in a career later, whether they choose to be engineers, scientists, artists, or endeavor to work in countless other fields. Today, it is rare that a student doesn’t know about 3D printing or have access to the software, hardware, and materials as classrooms around the world enjoy STEM programs related to studies of Mars, software programs geared toward educators, and a variety of different educational bundles.

What do you think of this news? Let us know your thoughts! Join the discussion of this and other 3D printing topics at 3DPrintBoard.com.

Students working on the design of the gears and the overall layout of the mechanism using open source CAD software (top). Highlight pictures/photos from the various phases of the course, (from left to right) the openscad user interface, designs of gears, the 3D printer in operation, examples of 3D print-outs (middle). General view of the completed operational model of the mechanism (bottom). It shows the astonishing complexity and sophistication of the real artefact which was designed and constructed in Ancient Greece two thousand years ago.

[Source / Images: ‘Studying, designing, and 3D printing an operational model of the antikythera mechanism’]

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Tagged with: 3D printed Antikythera Mechanism • 3d printed model • artifact • educational projects • greece • replica • STEM course • STEM education

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Miscellaneous

There is a popular 3d printer trend on reddit.

One of the most popular posts in the trend was written by two 3D designers Nimlot and Kaho.

They challenged the community by declaring that they would make three ideas come true that would score over

total votes.

The reddit community is very witty and the guys were encouraged to materialize things like:

Sarah Palin being eaten by a polar bear
The Death Star
A horse the size of a duck that rides a duck the size of a horse
A crossbow that can be hidden in sleeve
Half brontosaurus, half ostrich, wearing a tie, looking at his watch and carrying a suitcase.
Beyonce Action Figure
Office Mini Work Catapult
Prosthetic arm and give it to someone in need
Antikythera Mechanism

The following ideas scored the most points in the voting: suitcase in hand.

Beyonce's figurine from this photo

The guys have already modeled, printed and posted a mini catapult for sale.

Available for 26 tanks on shapeways In addition to the catapult, there are many more interesting figurines in Nimloth and Kaho's store:

For example Barack Obama with a machine gun riding a raptor

Or Kim Kardashian's ass with a horse's head.

It would be interesting to carry out similar things on 3d today.

Let's say if there is a brave enough 3d designer or a company that provides 3d modeling services.

As they say, we'll see.

And what would you suggest for materialization? What crazy idea?

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Azerbaijan
State University of Economics

Department: "Digital Economy and ICT"
Lecturer: Associate Professor Mansimov A.I. 1
COMPUTING EQUIPMENT AND ARCHITECTURE
COMPUTER
Plan:
Prehistory of computers.
Analog computers.
Almost the first generation of computers.
About computers in Russia.
Periodization.
1. BACKGROUND OF COMPUTERS
1) 1901 A sunken ship was found in the Aegean Sea near the island of Antikythera
, in the hold of which some bronze mechanisms were found.
In 1951, Solla Price drew attention to these mechanisms and
realized that they were a mechanism that allowed
to simulate the movement of the Sun and Moon around the Earth. It was possible
to establish the time of creation of the mechanism: 87 BC.
In 2006, with the help of X-rays, it was possible to disassemble about 2000
Greek symbols and understand that the mechanism made it possible to give
a picture of the movement of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, i.e. The
was what would later be called the
analog computer in the 20th century.
2) In 1492, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) proposed a project
for a 13-digit decimal adder. This project was
found only in 1967 in the Library of Madrid. As
, the main idea in the project was the use for
10-tooth ring summation.
3) In 1617, John Napier (1550-1617) proposed
a non-logarithmic way of multiplying numbers in
by manipulating blocks on which numbers were plotted
, forming a progression
(arithmetic and geometric), called
"knuckles", or sticks , Nepera.
4) In 1618-1630
logarithmic rulers appeared (rectilinear and circular). 1618 marked
by the appearance of the slide rule Edmund
Günther (1581-1626), from 1619Professor of Astronomy
at Gresham College.
In 1630, William Oughtred (1574-1660) proposed
to move the central part of the ruler.
5) In 1623, Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635) in Tübingen
builds the FIRST calculating machine for Kepler
(1571-1630), sending him a letter describing the machine.
The letter arrived, but the car burned down at the post office.
6) In 1642, Blaise Pascal (1623-1667) builds for his father
a calculating machine similar to a modern
cash register (for adding and subtracting 6-8-digit
numbers).
7) In 1672, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1667) builds a
calculating machine that could not only add
, but also multiply and divide.
XVIII century there was an improvement of these machines.
8) In 1820 the Frenchman Charles Thomas (1785-1870) receives
a French patent for the production of an "arithmometer".
1500 arithmometers produced.
9) In 1876, the Swede Theophilus Odner designed
a convenient adding machine, and in 1886 he built a factory in St. Petersburg
for the production of adding machines. Under 1917,
produced 30 thousand pieces.
10) In 1810, the Frenchman Joseph Jacquard (1752-1834)
used a PUNCHED CARD to change the control of the loom
.
11) In 1822, Charles Babbage (1791-1871)
built a small difference machine to calculate
tables of logarithms and trigonometric functions.
Babbage did not manage to build a large difference engine, but
planned to build another machine, in which
had 4 parts, which he named:
a) store (store) - memory;
b) mill (mill) - part of the processor;
c) control (control) - based on punched cards;
d) input and output device.
In 1833, Babbage met Ada Lovelace (1815-1852),
the daughter of the poet Byron, who began to write
programs for him.
2. ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
1) The Greek astronomer Hipparchus (c. 190 BC - c. 120
BC), creator of the astrolabe, which allowed
to measure angles with diopters (i.e. devices
for sighting).
2) In the XII century, the Arab astronomer Al-Jazari (11361206) created a tower and astronomical clock,
, which made it possible to demonstrate the solar and lunar orbits
.
3) Charles Babbage - the creator of the speedometer.
In analog computers, numerical data are
represented using physical quantities (speed, voltage,
pressure, etc.).
4) In 1878, a resident of that part of Poland that was part of the Russian Empire
, Bruno Abdank-Abakanovich
(1852-1900), developed a project for an integraf, device,
which allowed to find the area under the graph of the function.
5) In 1904, Alexei Nikolaevich Krylov (1863-1945)
developed the first mechanical computer
, which made it possible to solve differential equations
used in the construction of ships.
6) In 1927, Wenniver Bush (1890-1974), future assistant
to US President Franklin Roosevelt (1882-1945),
developed an electromechanical version of Krylov's
machine.
3. NEARLY FIRST GENERATION
COMPUTERS
1) From 1938, successively in 1940, 1941 and finally in
1945, the German engineer Konrad Zuse (1910-1995) builds
progressively improved computers Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4.
2) In 1941, Americans John Atanasoff (1903-1995) and
Clifford Berry (1918-1963) built the first ABC computer in the USA in Ames (
Iowa).
3) In June 1941, John Mauchly, having received the ABC project
from Atanasov, begins building his own
computer for military purposes, ENIAC. Finished
construction in February 1946
4) In 1939, the British, under the leadership of Alan Turing
, begin building their own computer,
primarily designed to decipher
German messages of a military and diplomatic nature
. The Colossus computer was completed in 1943.
All computers had a structure similar to Babbage's
machine, i.e. control unit, storage device
, arithmetic logic unit with
built-in input and output devices. At the same time
the control unit controls and gives
command pulses; memory device
stores numbers and commands; arithmetic-logical
device performs arithmetic and logical
operations. The rationale for this structure of
(architecture) computers was given by John von Neumann
(1903-1957). He also built his own
EDVAC computer in 1952.
4. ABOUT COMPUTERS IN RUSSIA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Slonimsky received the Demidov Prize for
multiplier built in 1843, based
on Slonimsky's theorem.
In 1926, Sergei Gershgorin (1901-1933) gives a description
of a device for integrating Laplace's differential equation
.
In 1935, the first calculating and analytical machine CAM-1
was produced in the USSR.
In 1939, Isaak Semyonovich Brook (1902-1974) builds a
analog computer, significantly improving Bush's
analog computer.
In August 1948, I.S. Brook and Bashir Iskanderovich Rameev
(1918-1994) submit the project of the first "Automatic
digital electronic machine ATsEM"; in December they
receive the first in the USSR author's certificate at ATsEM.
6. At the end of 1947, laboratory No. 1 (special modeling and
computer technology) was created at the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR
, headed by Sergey
Alekseevich Lebedev (1902-1974). The task of laboratory
is to create a computer. For her in 1951 mathematicians
Selim Grigorievich Krein (1917-1999) and Sergey
Alexandrovich Avramenko write the first programs. On December 25,
, 1951, the machine was put into operation.
7. But still on December 15, 1951 in Moscow at the Energy Institute
, the ETsVMM-1 was put into operation - the first machine in the
world, all the logic circuits of which were on
semiconductors (true, trophy ones).

Antikythera 3d print

Greece: Students 3D Print Operational Antikythera Mechanism - 3DPrint.com

▷ antikythera mechanism replica 3d models 【 STLFinder 】

Materialization of any ideas with a 3d printer

There is a popular 3d printer trend on reddit.

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