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How To 3D Print Replacement Car Parts
If you’re looking to create your own car parts, you can do so with ease. Here is a guide on how to 3D print replacement car parts very cheap. (Read more)
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uPrint SE 3D Printer Review
So is the uPrint SE 3D printer worth the money today or are you better off with something entirely else? Read the full review here and find out!
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Fortus 400MC 3D Printer Review
Is the Fortus 400MC 3D printer worth the money or are you better off with another 3D printer? Read the complete review here and find out!
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PowerSpec 3D Pro Review
Here’s a detailed and comprehensive review of the PowerSpec 3D Pro 3D printer. See if it is something for you!
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Objet30 Pro 3D Printer Review
The Objet30 Pro 3D printer is without a doubt of the highest-quality printers out there. Read our full review of it here and discover why you should get it!
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Solidoodle 4 Review
We reviewed the popular Solidoodle 4 3D printer. See our complete review here to find out if the Solidoodle 4 is worth it for you!
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PowerSpec Ultra 3D Printer Review
We reviewed the somewhat popular PowerSpec Ultra 3D printer and here’s everything that we found out. Spoiler alert: we didn’t like it!
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FlashForge Creator X Review
We tested the popular FlashForge Creator X 3D printer and here’s everything that we discovered about it.
Find out if this 3D printer is something for you!
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Fortus 250MC Review
We had the pleasure of buying and testing the Fortus 250MC 3D printer. Read our complete review of this 3D printer here to see why it is so GOOD.
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Solidoodle 3 3D Printer Review
Read our full review of the Solidoodle 3 3D printer to see why it is so bad and can’t be recommended to anyone. Save your money now!
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Projet 1200 3D Printer Review
We tested and reviewed the Projet 1200 3D printer to see if it is worth the money. Heres everything that we found out about this incredible 3D printing device!
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CEL Robox 3D Printer Review
We tested the CEL Robox 3D printer and were not impressed.
Read our full review here to find out exactly why this 3D printer is not worth your money.
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Form 1+ 3D Printer Review
Is the Form 1+ 3D printer worth it? We tested it and here’s everything that we found out! Read the full review here.
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FlashForge Finder 3D Printer Review
We tested the popular FlashForge Finder 3D printer to see if it was worth buying. Here’s what we found out during our review!
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Cetus 3D Printer Review
Here’s everything you need to know about the Cetus 3D printer and whether or not it is the right 3D printer for you!
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Flashforge Dreamer Review
We tested the Flashforge Dreamer 3D printer and discovered how awesome it is.
Learn what we found out in this comprehensive review here!
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Leapfrog Creatr 3D Printer Review
Is the Leapfrog Creatr 3D printer worth it today? Read our review of it here and find out if it’s the right 3D printer for you!
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Rapide Lite 200 Review
Here’s a review of the Rapide Lite 200 3D printer. Is this 3D printer worth it for you? Read here and find out today!
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MakerBot Replicator Z18 Review
We reviewed the popular MakerBot Replicator Z18 3D printer to see if it was worth the money. It’s pleasing to say that it was! Read our full review here.
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Mojo 3D Printer Review
Here’s a full and comprehensive review of the Mojo 3D printer, which is a pretty popular product and with good reason! Here’s our full review of it here!
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QIDI Tech 1 3D Printer Review
We tested and reviewed the QIDI Tech 1 3D printer.
Read our article here and discover why it is so GOOD compared to other 3D Printers.
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CubePro 3D Printer Review
Is the CubePro 3D Printer worth your money right now? We tested it and here’s everything you need to know about this 3D printer!
Reviews
RigidBot 3D Printer Review
We tested and reviewed the RigidBot 3D printer. If you’re considering this 3D printer, then check out our review of it here and see if it is worth it!
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Raise3D N2 Review
Is the Raise3D N2 3D printer worth the money or is it obsolete? With the 3D printing industry moving forward at lightspeed, here’s an updated review of this 3D printer!
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Printrbot Play Review
So is the Printrbot Play 3D Printer worth your money? Is it better than the competitors? Here are some reasons why you should or shouldn’t buy this 3D printer!
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MOD-t 3D Printer Review
Should you buy the MOD-t 3D printer? Read our complete review of this 3D printer here and see if it is something for you!
Reviews
Ultimaker 2 Extended Review
We reviewed and tested the Ultimaker 2 Extended 3D printer, which is considered to be a state-of-the-art 3D printer.
Should you buy it? Find out.
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Ultimaker 2+ Review
Read this review to discover why the Ultimaker 2+ is such a good 3D printer. You’ll learn all the good and bad things about it here.
Reviews
Cube 3D Printer Review
Do you consider buying the Cube 3D printer? Don’t! At least not before you read our revealing review of it right here.
Reviews
TronXY X5S 3D Printer Review
Considering buying the TronXY X5S 3D printer? Do yourself a favor and DON’T! Read our review of it here first and see if it’s something for you.
Reviews
BCN3D Sigma Review
We tested and reviewed the BCN3D Sigma 3D printer.
Learn more about this 3D printer and learn if it is something for you!
Reviews
Airwolf HD 3D Printer Review
Is the Airwolf HD 3D Printer worth it? Should you buy it? Read our review of this 3D printer here to discover if this is something for you!
What Is 3D Printing? How Does It Work? [2022 Guide]
If you’re at all interested in tech, you’ve probably heard a lot of people mentioning 3D printing. After all, it’s been the driving force behind recent innovations in all kinds of sectors. In this article, we’ll be explaining exactly what 3D printing is, how it works, and why you should care.
Table of ContentsShow
The Tech Of Tomorrow, Today
At its most basic, 3D printing is simply a process used to create real-life products from a virtual model. Remember the replicator from Star Trek? It’s sort of like that, only with a lot more planning involved.
The beauty of this tech is that it has almost infinite potential – sure, it can be used to create battery covers and small things for around the home, but it’s capable of so much more.
In fact, right now, doctors and scientists are using this exact process to solve organ shortages. Plane manufacturers have found that it’s a far more cost-effective way to generate aircraft components, allowing them to cut prices for their customers. In Dubai, people are even starting to 3D print houses!
So How Does It All Work?
Like all great undertakings, it all starts with preparation. Using advanced 3D modeling software, you can specify exactly what you want to create, be it as simple as a coaster, or as complex as a human prosthesis.
When you’re done, you’ll have a fully-fledged blueprint to work with and change as needed.
Once you’ve finalized your design, you’re free to begin printing. The printer heats up the filament (your construction material) until it becomes malleable, then begins constructing your masterpiece, layer by layer, over several hours.
Here’s the thing: while the most basic 3D printers can only use a handful of different materials, there are some which are capable of printing with almost anything: wood, stone, you name it. The way these work is different, but the end result is basically identical: highly detailed products.
Okay, But What Can I Do With A 3D Printer?
Don’t get us wrong, you’re probably not going to change the world with your 3D printer (but if you do, feel free to let us know!). Want to know what you can do? Save yourself hours of trouble and a considerable amount of money.
Interested?
Let’s say, for instance, you unintentionally break a locking nut on your bathroom pipes.
You can turn the water off temporarily but if you don’t know the size of your pipes, you can’t order a replacement. Now you have two choices: order one of each nut and hope they arrive soon or measure the threads and create a custom fit one.
Okay, that’s an extreme example, but there’s some real utility here. You can create your own shelves, hinges, brackets, bezels, whatever you like. If you have the patience, there’s nothing stopping you creating bigger items, like a table or chairs.
Luckily, you don’t have to create all these blueprints for yourself. There are numerous online repositories where other people upload their own plans for anyone to use. Take a look at MyMiniFactory and Pinshape, for instance – there are hundreds of plans to download.
Getting Started With 3D Printing
There are a few things you should consider before buying a 3D printer. After all, there’s no need to buy a really expensive one if you don’t plan to use it often. Below, we’ll be covering some of the most important things to think about before committing to a particular model.
Isn’t This Pretty Expensive?
A lot of people believe 3D printing costs thousands of dollars but it doesn’t have to. Sure, like any hobby, 3D printing has a decent upfront cost, but once the printer itself has been purchased all you need is filament. This can be as cheap as $10 depending on the type, so it’s not as bad as you might have thought.
The other thing to consider is that 3D printing, unlike conventional hobbies, allows you to save money down the line. If you buy a $200 printer and use it to print something that saves you $2, you’ve already begun to see some return on your investment. Now consider how much you can save over several years.
What Type Of Printer Do You Need?
For casual or hobbyist use, the less expensive printers will probably work just fine. These are usually limited to just a few different kinds of filament, too, which makes ordering additional supplies very simple.
On the other hand, if you plan to print a lot, you’ll want a more heavy-duty model.
These often have bigger creation areas, multiple heads (called extruders), and faster print times. The downside is that they’re usually louder and more expensive, so you’ll want a dedicated printing area.
Which Filament To Use?
This depends on two things: the materials do you want to work with and which that your printer supports. Generally, almost every printer accepts PLA and ABS filaments. These are simply two different kinds of plastic, each with their own advantages. So what about the more advanced types?
Most mid-range printers will allow you to use a wider selection of materials, but each printer has different capabilities. For this reason, it’s important to carefully research each model before you buy. Nobody wants to find that their brand new, expensive filament isn’t compatible, right?
One thing to watch out for: some companies use proprietary filament and your printer won’t work with anything else. There are a couple of issues with this. First, it allows them to charge more money and second, if the company goes bust, you can expect the filament to become very rare indeed.
Conclusion
Although 3D printing has been around for a few years, it has finally become an affordable hobby for average people. With an abundance of tutorials and guides, there’s nothing stopping you from getting involved with this exciting and promising new technology.
Scientific journal "Videoscience" - 3D printing: a review of the latest news
Koktsinskaya E.M.
Scientific journal "Videoscience"
Abstract. 3D printing is of great interest and is considered revolutionary, as it makes it possible to produce products of given dimensions with high precision at a low cost of manufacturing them. This article provides an overview of the latest news from the 3D printing industry.
Keywords: 3D, 3D printing, 3D printer, metal
All news provided by our partner - the World of Modern Materials portal (website: http://worldofmaterials.
ru).
3D printing technology has developed rapidly in recent years and now covers a wide range of materials. At the same time, the cost of 3D printers themselves has decreased so much that it has made their use even at the household level possible. Materials such as metals, plastics, ceramics, food and even human tissue are beginning to be printed using this technology. 3D metal products are used in the aerospace industry, motor transport and energy, biomedicine, and robotics.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have recently discovered a new possibility in 3D printing: the ability to print optically transparent glass objects. Printed using the developed high-temperature technology, glass objects are durable and completely transparent to light. Objects can be pre-modeled in a design computer program, similar to other currently existing 3D printers [1].
A large number of works are devoted to the use of 3D printers to improve the properties of metals.
Researchers at the University of Missouri Science and Technology are developing a way to use 3D printing technology to create new metals that are stronger and lighter than existing ones. These metallic materials are created by using a laser to melt metal powder, which is then deposited layer by layer to form a 3D printed object. As a result of this technology, structural amorphous metals are obtained [2].
Another team of researchers proposes a way to improve the quality of the structure and thus the properties of 3D printed metal parts. The level of control they have achieved on the manufactured product is absolutely unique. The researchers worked with the technology of electron beam melting, in which an electron beam sequentially welds together layers of metal powder, forming a 3D object. It was found that by controlling the heating parameters during the printing process, it is possible to monitor the curing process throughout the volume of the entire product. As a result, it turns out that the orientation of metal grains and the microstructure of the material can be very accurately controlled.
Since the microstructure of a metal plays a decisive role in its physical and mechanical properties, by improving it, one can thereby improve the properties of a 3D product [3].
A team of interdisciplinary researchers in Los Angeles is working on a unique 3D printing solution. Their solution is aimed at combating greenhouse gases that are emitted during the production of concrete and electricity in power plants. The researchers plan to create a closed process that includes the capture of carbon on the pipes of power plants and its use in the creation of a new building material - carbon dioxide concrete CO 2 NCRETE (English "concrete" - concrete) - using 3D printing technologies [4].
3D printing of tablets is allowed in the USA. And earlier, the production of medical devices - including prosthetics - using 3D printing technology was approved [5].
In Dubai, they are going to build a fully functional building using 3D printing. Such an office will be printed layer by layer.
The 3D printer required for this will be a 6 m high device. The area of the office will be about 186 m 2 . All internal details, furniture and structural components will be built using 3D printing technology based on a mixture of fiber reinforced plastic, special reinforced concrete and glass fiber reinforced gypsum [6].
But some things, until very recently, still remained inaccessible to 3D printing, such as hair and fur. Printing such objects required several hours for the initial calculations and simulations, and only after that they could be printed on a printer. Instead of using standard computer design programs, a team at MIT has developed a new "Cilllia" program that allows users to determine the angle, thickness, density and height of thousands of hairs in just a few minutes. Using this program, the researchers modeled arrays of hair-like structures with a resolution of 50 microns (on the order of the thickness of a human hair). After that, they were printed on flat and curved surfaces using a conventional 3D printer, obtaining objects from coarse bristles to fine fur [7].
Sources :
1. Printing transparent glass in 3-D // MIT News. 2015. URL: http://news.mit.edu/2015/3-d-printing-transparent-glass-0914 (Accessed 06/19/2016).
2.Researchers develop new metal materials through 3D printing // 3D printer and 3D printing news. 2015. URL: http://www.3ders.org/articles/20151019-researchers-develop-new-materials-through-3d-printing.html (Accessed 06/19/2016).
3. New high-precision metal 3D printer // World of modern materials. 2014. URL: http://worldofmaterials.ru/164-novyj-vysokotochnyj-3d-printer-metallov (accessed 19.06.2016).
4. UCLA researchers turn carbon dioxide into sustainable concrete // UCLA Newsroom. 2016. URL: http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-researchers-turn-carbon-dioxide-into-sustainable-concrete (Accessed 06/19/2016).
5. First 3D-printed pill approved by US authorities // BBC News. 2015. URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-33772692 (Accessed 06/19/2016).
6. Dubai to build the first fully functional 3D building in the world // Gulf News. 2015. URL: http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/government/dubai-to-build-first-fully-functional-3d-building-in-the-world-1.1543227 (accessed 19.06.2016).
7. Need hair? Press "print" // MIT News. 2016. URL: http://news.mit.edu/2016/3-d-print-hair-0617 (Accessed 06/19/2016).
Abstract. 3D-printing is considered a revolutionary technology because it gives an opportunity to produce the product with specified dimensions and with high accuracy at a low cost of manufacture. This article is an overview of the latest news of the 3D printing industry.
Key words: 3D, 3D printing, 3D printer, metal.
The Masters Movement, IP Litigation and Law Reform
October 2019
Author: Matthew Rimmer ), Brisbane, Australia
3D printing is a technology based on the principle of additive manufacturing (as opposed to the subtractive manufacturing principle that underlies the traditional manufacturing industry).
3D printing is also associated with the Craftsmen Movement, a social movement whose main idea is to develop designs for various products and share them.
3D printing is currently in transition. The consumer "3D printing revolution", which aimed to have a 3D printer in every home, has failed. MakerBot, a pioneer in 3D printing, is having trouble with its changing approach to intellectual property (IP) issues, disrupting its ties to the open source software community, and the user audience turned away from it. As former MakerBot CEO Bre Pettis said in an interview, "The open source community has kicked us out of their paradise." As a result, MakerBot was acquired by Stratasys, a leader in the 3D printing industry, which restructured and repurposed it.
Some other key players also went bankrupt. In particular, TechShop, a membership-funded and open-to-all network of studio-workshops for home craftsmen, went bankrupt. Maker Media, which publishes Make magazine and hosts craft festivals in the United States, has gone under external control. Make magazine founder Dale Doherty is trying to revitalize his project with a new structure he created called Make Community LLC.
Industrial 3D printing continues to grow
Although personal 3D printing has not developed as expected, there has been growth in a number of other forms and categories of 3D printing. Along with robotics and big data, 3D printing has become one of the promising technologies in the manufacturing industry. Companies specializing in information technology and design are working to improve the way 3D printing is used. Significant investments, especially from transport companies, have been attracted by the technology of 3D printing of metal products. In addition, there have been large-scale experiments related to the application of 3D printing in the healthcare sector, including 3D printing in dentistry, 3D printing in medicine, and bioprinting.
As technology improves and develops, there have been several cases of lawsuits being filed in the courts, as well as certain political developments regarding the regulation of the 3D printing industry. Our recently published book 3D Printing and Beyond explores some of the major developments in IC and 3D printing. In particular, it analyzes the issues of 3D printing in relation to areas such as copyright law, trademark law, patent law, and trade secrets (as well as some of the broader issues related to the regulation of 3D printing). In addition, the book highlights the use of open licensing mechanisms in the field of 3D printing.
3D printing and copyright law
A few years ago, there was a panic that the widespread use of 3D printing would lead to a wave of large-scale copyright infringements, similar to the situation that arose with the advent of the Napster file-sharing network . Although such fears have not yet materialized, there have been various conflicts related to copyright and 3D printing.
For example, Augustana College (United States) objected to 3D scanning of Michelangelo's statues, even though they were not subject to copyright protection and were clearly in the public domain. The American cable television network HBO has blocked the sale of an iPhone stand in the form of an "iron throne" from the TV series "Game of Thrones", made according to the drawings of designer Fernando Sosa using 3D printing. United States singer-songwriter Katy Perry has demanded a ban on the sale of a 3D-printed "shark on the left" figure by the same designer (nevertheless, this product subsequently reappeared in the Shapeways 3D Printing Systems catalog). The heirs of the French-American artist Marcel Duchamp opposed the production of a 3D-printed set of chess pieces based on the works of this artist.
3D printing was also subject to the on-demand removal of content under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (USA).
Shapeways and a number of other 3D printing firms have raised concerns about the implications of this regime for online platforms and 3D printing intermediaries.
In addition, discussions took place on issues related to the use of technical protection measures in the context of copyright law and 3D printing. For example, the US Copyright Office has confirmed a limited technical protection exception for 3D printing stocks.
3D printing and design law
Developments in 3D printing have also raised the issue of product repair rights.
Efforts have been made across the European Union to recognize the right to repair in order to support consumer rights and develop a circular economy. In this regard, one of the important factors in achieving changes in the behavior of companies and consumers has become the European Greening Directive (Directive 2009/125/EC).
In July 2019, the United States Federal Trade Commission held a Hearing on "Can't be Repaired: A Workshop on Product Repair Restrictions.
" Significant differences remain between IP owners and right-to-repair advocates in the United States. Presidential candidate Elizabeth Warren has called for legislation to secure the right to repair for the benefit of farmers in the agricultural regions of the United States.
Significant and first-of-its-kind litigation has taken place in Australia regarding the right to repair under industrial design law ( GM Global Technology Operations LLC v S 6 S . . - S - Auto Parts Pty Ltd [2019] FCA 97). The Australian Treasury is considering policy options regarding the practice of sharing vehicle repair information.
Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Consumer Affairs Minister Shane Rettenbury called for recognition of the right to repair from the rostrum of the Consumer Affairs Forum, which includes ministers from both Australia and New Zealand.
Federal Minister Michael Succar asked the Australian Productivity Commission to look into the matter.
Calls for right-to-repair laws, both at the provincial and federal levels, are also being heard in Canada. As Laura Tribe, Executive Director of Open Media, noted in this regard, “We are committed to ensuring that people have the opportunity to be the real owners of the products they own.”
3D printing and trademark law
3D printing also brings uncertainty to trademark law and related legal regimes, including product substitution, identity rights, commercial use of characters, and brand identity. The legal conflict surrounding Katy Perry's trademark application for the "shark on the left" image provides some insight into some of the issues that arise in this regard.
Regarding bioprinting, Advanced Solutions Life Sciences sued Biobots Inc. Due to the alleged violation of its trademark rights ( Advanced Solutions Life Sciences , LLC V Biobiots 9000.
15 MAY 2017 WL214969). Advanced Solutions Life Sciences owns and uses the registered trademark Bioassemblybot for 3D bioprinting and tissue growth.
3D printing and patent law
According to the 2015 WIPO Global Intellectual Property Report "Breakthrough Innovation and Economic Growth", the number of 3D printing patent applications is steadily increasing. Some industrial 3D printing companies, including 3D Systems and Stratasys, have managed to build large 3D printing patent portfolios. Large industrial companies, including GE and Siemens, have also accumulated significant patent assets in 3D printing and additive manufacturing. Information technology companies, including Hewlett Packard and Autodesk, also play an important role in the 3D printing industry.
With the growing commercial importance of 3D printing in the manufacturing industry, there have been a significant number of litigations related to 3D printing of metal products. In July 2018, as part of the “Desktop Metal Inc.
” v. Markforged, Inc. and Matiu Parangi (2018 Case No. 1:18-CV-10524), a federal jury found that Markforged Inc. did not infringe two patents owned by rival Desktop Metal Inc. (See Desktop Metal Inc. v. Markforged, Inc. and Matiu Parangi (2018) 2018 WL 4007724 (Massachusetts District Court, jury verdict). In this regard, the CEO of Markforged Inc. .” Greg Mark stated, “We are pleased with the jury's verdict that we have not infringed patents and that Metal X technology, which is the latest addition to the Markforged 3D printing platform, is based on our own Markforged's proprietary designs." For its part, a spokesman for Desktop Metal noted that it was "satisfied that the jury recognized the validity of all claims in both Desktop Metal patents, which were discussed in a lawsuit against the company "Markforged"
In 2018 (after the above verdict) Desktop Metal Inc. and Markforged Inc. entered into a confidential financial agreement that settled all other litigation between them.
However, in 2019 Markforged Inc. filed another lawsuit against Desktop Metal Inc. due to the fact that, according to her, the latter violated that part of the agreement, which concerned non-disclosure of negative information.
3D printing and trade secrets
In addition, the first litigation regarding 3D printing and trade secret legislation took place. In 2016, Florida-based 3D printing startup Magic Leap filed a lawsuit in federal court for the Northern District of California against two of its former employees for misappropriation of trade secret information within the meaning of Trade Secret Protection Act (“ Magic Leap Inc " v Bradski et al (2017) case no. 5:16-cvb-02852). In early 2017, a judge granted the defendants' request to stay the case, stating that Magic Leap had failed to provide "a reasonable degree of specificity" to the disclosure of alleged trade secrets. Subsequently, the judge allowed Magic Leap to amend the text of its submission.
In August 2017, the parties entered into a “confidential agreement” in connection with this issue. In 2019Mafic Leap sued the founder of Nreal for breach of contract, fraud, and unfair competition (Magic Leap Inc. v. Xu, 19-cv-03445, U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (San Francisco)).
3D printing and open licensing
In addition to proprietary IP protections, the 3D printing industry has extensive open licensing practices. Companies with a free distribution philosophy include Prusa Research (Czech Republic), Shapeways (Netherlands-US) and Ultimaker (Netherlands). Members of the Craft Movement used open licensing mechanisms to share and distribute 3D printing files. As noted in The State of the Commons 2017, the Thingiverse platform was one of the most popular platforms using Creative Commons licenses.
Other issues arising from the development of 3D printing
In addition to IP issues, the development of 3D printing also raises a number of other legal, ethical and regulatory issues. In healthcare, regulators have faced challenges with personalized medicine. The United States Food and Drug Administration and the Australian Health Products Administration held consultations on the development of a balanced set of regulations for medical 3D printing and bioprinting. The European Parliament has adopted a resolution calling for a comprehensive approach to the regulation of 3D printing.
Litigation regarding 3D printing of firearms is also ongoing in the United States. Several state attorneys general have sued the current administration to obstruct an agreement between the federal government and Defense Distributed. Several criminal cases have been filed in Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan in connection with attempts to 3D print firearms. Legislators are debating the feasibility of criminalizing crimes related to possession of digital blueprints for 3D printed firearms.
Footnotes
* Dr. Matthew Rimmer is Head of the KTU Research Program on Intellectual Property Law and Innovation and is also involved in the KTU Electronic Media Research Center, the KTU Australian Health Law Research Center and the KTU International Law Research Program and global governance. In addition, he is a Senior Research Fellow at the Australian IP and 3D Printing Research Council Innovation Project. Dr. Rimmer is the author of numerous publications on copyright and information technology, patent law and biotechnology, access to medicines, anonymous packaging of tobacco products, IP and climate change, and IP of indigenous peoples. His current research interests include IP, Creative Industries and 3D Printing; IP and Public Health; and IP and Trade, including the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and the Agreement on Trade in Services. His work is held in the SSRN Abstracts and Bepress Selected Works archives and funded by the Australian Research Council.
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