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3d-Printed Book-Scanning Frame for Smartphones - iBookBinding

3d-Printed Tools/ Digitization

Stepan tutorial, bookbinding, book binding, instructional 0 Comment

I have extensively expanded my collection of books about books recently. One of the motives to do that was to scan and add them to the PDF Book Collection iBookBinding has been hosting for years. This collection you can get by subscribing to our newsletter.

  • Please also check a recent post with the customer reviews of the frame;
  • Or visit the frame’s store page to get more details about all the options available.

Here comes the problem: how do I scan lots of books with relatively small effort and not spending tons of money?

My first impulse was to check the book scanners available on the market. Cheapest versions cost $100-150. However, as stated in the reviews, all of them have some upsetting flaws. That’s not surprising, considering the price. Preview images like the ones this scanner has are quite misguiding because these cheap models do not account for the curvature of the page of the flat opened book. If your scanner cannot really scan books, then don’t call it a book scanner! Document scanner will be a fair caption.

Some more expensive scanners have additional laser scanning systems. They build a 3d-model of the scanned surface before scanning a page. It allows to make corrections to the digitized image, and eliminate the distortion caused by the curvature. These scanners cost $400 and more.

However, there is nothing between $150 and $400.

I wasn’t ready to buy a cheap device that wouldn’t provide the result I needed. At the same moment, I’m not prepared to justify spending $400+ for a device that wouldn’t pay for itself.

That’s how I started to look for some other solutions. And, finally, designed and 3d-printed a frame for scanning books.

Do Not Lay the Book Flat

Updated on the 3rd of January 2019. Since the moment of publication of this post the frame has passed through multiple minor and major updates. I use it constantly and that allows me to have a firsthand experience on any problems that may occur while using it. The post describes version 1.3, while current version of the frame is 3.5. Additional sizes (like medium/A5 and extra large/A3) were added as well. 

I started by checking what other people already use. There are lots of robotized systems. For example: [1], [2], [3], and my favorite [4]. As you can imagine, they are even more expensive than the scanners mentioned above. At the same time, you may find lots of DIY books scanner projects on the net. And what unites many of them is that book is placed open at 90 degrees. Sometimes the frame is designed for the book to lay upside down. In other cases pages face up.

This is quite understandable. Not all the books could be easily opened 180°. Some of them even if they can lay flat, would have that curvature of pages described above.

When a book is open by only 90°, it makes it easier for pages to be flatter without pressing pages down too aggressively.

I have designed a cradle, that holds a book, and a frame of glass and plastic that is placed over the book (flattening it a bit). At the moment this structure allows scanning a book with one or two smartphones. However, I also plan to upgrade it for use with photo cameras (it will demand a more rigid structure).

However, even with a smartphone, you get surprisingly high quality! That should be a modern smartphone with a good camera, for sure. But as the statistics show, most of the iPhone and Samsung users have devices of the last three or four generations. That should suffice. At least my old Samsung Galaxy S7 did a fair job.

You can check the quality with this copy of Het Museum Plantin-Moretus te Antwerpen (1939?). What’s even better, this upload was made with a 14 Mb version of PDF, while the original scanned file was 191 Mb. You can download the original large file here. It was created with a newer smartphone model: Samsung Galaxy S9.

The Frame is Available at My Etsy Store Right Now

I will give you more details about the scanning process below. I also plan to share the story of the creation of the book scanning frame with a later post. But here is the link to the Etsy shop page where you can buy the frame:

https://www.etsy.com/listing/640747173/book-scanning-frame

At the moment the book-scanning frame is shipped in two packages. For 99,95 Euro you get all the 3d-printed plastic elements. It allows both to save on shipping and some more expensive items like museum glass. The full package is 199,95 Euro and is fully usable right after you assemble it.

Here are all the elements sent with a full package. You may find more information on the packages at Etsy.

Frame allows you to scan books with page size up to 23 x 32 cm (9″ x 12.5″), or something like that. It really depends only on the size of support boards and glass used.

As usual, 3d-prints are available in a range of colors.

Speed

Back to the technical stuff.

A budget scanner allows you to scan 1 page in 5-7 seconds. By “budget scanners” I mean the ones under $1000. In other words, that’s 600 pages per hour. The mentioned above robotized scanners are marketed as being able to scan from 1000 to 15000 pages per hour. However, even with the fastest machines you still need to change books, and that lowers the average speed.

I was able to reach the speed of 10-12 seconds per page with a single smartphone. Using two smartphones simultaneously will make the process even faster. Thus, the rate of 6-7 seconds per page (600 pages, a large book, per hour) seems to be a possibility.

However, even with the best tuning, my scanning frame gives you images that still have to be uploaded to a computer, cropped, and edited. You may use apps like CamScanner, but their downside is that the resulted images (and PDFs) have not a very high resolution.

For post-processing, I used bulk editing abilities of Lightroom. But you can use any other image processing software. There also are some free options. The final speed (including scanning and editing) was something like 20-25 seconds per page. Again, using two phones while scanning a book, should boost it up to 20 seconds per page, or 180-200 pages per hour.

Still, not bad!

Smile

To end this post with an anecdote, I will share with you one more technique I started to use while scanning the books with a smartphone.

My frame is stable enough. Still, when pressing the capture button on the screen, the phone may shift a bit. It results in a slightly skewed image and leads to spending more time on the post-processing.

I have printed special markers to fight this problem. They allow orienting the phone according to the ‘thirds’ grid on the screen. However, even that wasn’t good enough for my taste.

That was the moment when I remembered that my phone’s camera has voice commands. “Capture”, “cheese”, “shoot”, and “smile”.

After a short period of experimentation, I found out that my smartphone doesn’t understand me when I say “capture” or “cheese,” but works well with the “smile” command.

Now the process of scanning looks like that. I say “Smile!” to every page of a scanned book =)

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Moreover, starting with the pledge level of $3, you will get a digitized vintage book about bookbinding, book history, or book arts each month from us!

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Stepan Chizhov

Stepan is the owner and editor of iBookBinding. com since August 2015. He has been a bookbinder since 2006 and has taught hundreds of students since 2014. Recently Stepan spends more time crafting and 3d-printing bookbinding tools than making books.

→ Stepan Chizhov

‹ 5 Reasons Why Bookbinding Is the Best Hobby › Bookbinders’ Fair is Happening in Cologne This Sunday!

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Modern 3D scanning systems | Article in the journal "Young scientist"

Bibliographic description:

Lysych, M. N. Modern 3D scanning systems / M. N. Lysych, M. L. Shabanov, V. V. Zhadobkina. - Text: direct // Young scientist. - 2014. - No. 20 (79). - S. 167-171. — URL: https://moluch.ru/archive/79/12581/ (date of access: 11/29/2022).

The inventor of spatial measuring systems is considered to be Leonardo da Vinci, on the sketches of which, stored in the Louvre, you can see the sliding masts "measurement" mounted on a cart drawn by four horses. Two slaves rotate the gate of the guidance mechanism, an accountant stands next to the wagon, calculating the coordinates of the extreme point of the upper mast. Of course, there was no question of any practical use of this device at that time: simpler measuring instruments provided orders of magnitude greater accuracy.

The rebirth of volumetric measuring systems occurred at the end of the 20th century, when the level of technology allowed the production of sufficiently accurate coordinate machines at a fairly low cost.

There are two main methods used in volumetric scanning systems - contact and non-contact.

At the moment, the most widely used are measuring systems with non-contact laser sensors that have replaced contact sensors, and digital photographic equipment, which allows more accurate scanning of objects and obtaining a texture model.

3D laser scanners work with both small and very large objects, which also expands their scope in a wide variety of industries.

Volumetric measuring systems are widely used primarily in engineering. The issues of design, control and inspection of objects are their main areas of activity. They are used at the stages of manufacturing three-dimensional models, testing and fine-tuning with the subsequent release of relevant documentation.

3D scanning technologies are also used in construction, architecture, medicine, film industry, museums, industrial design, and the entertainment industry, such as creating computer games.

With the help of 3D scanning you can digitize cultural heritage, archaeological sites, art objects. Three-dimensional scanning has found wide application in medical prosthetics and digital archiving [1].

Fig. 1. Classification of equipment for 3D scanning

Handheld 3D Scanner The ZScanner 700 (picture 2) allows you to easily scan various objects, bypassing and filming them from all sides. The 3D scanner works like a regular video camera, capturing 3D surfaces at up to 15 surfaces per second. Therefore, the process of scanning objects becomes extremely simple - you need to go around and shoot the object from different angles. In the future, all these surfaces are combined into a single model using special software [2].

Fig. 2. Handheld 3D scanner ZScanner 700

The optical digitization and measurement system ATOS II (Figure 3) allows you to digitize an object with a surface of any complexity with high accuracy in a short time and obtain its computer model. The systems are used in automotive, turbine, aircraft and aerospace industries (digitization of the outer surface, interior and individual components), as well as in developments for the production of household appliances and in medicine [2].

Fig. 3. Optical system for digitization and measurements ATOS II

Mobile coordinate measuring machine FARO EDGE (Figure 4) combines high mobility, accuracy and versatility with a relatively low price and low weight. The improved design of the balancer and the correct distribution of the weight of the "arm" elements allow the operator to work more efficiently.

In addition to temperature sensors that correct the measurement result, there are shear sensors. They allow you to correctly set up the CMM for measurements.

Built-in touch computer, with integrated intuitive software, allows you to carry out simple geometric measurements without using a laptop or desktop computer [3].

Fig. 4. Mobile coordinate measuring machine FARO EDGE

Compact coordinate measuring machines TESA MICRO-HITE (Figure 5) have a number of unique features. Occupying a middle position between hand tools and traditional CMMs, they provide high accuracy and versatility, significantly saving on a complex robotic drive [4].

Fig. 5. Compact coordinate measuring machines TESA MICRO-HITE

KIM-750 manufactured by Lapik LLC (Figure 6) has the highest accuracy among analogues. It is listed by NATO as a potentially dangerous dual-use technology.

CMM design provides six degrees of freedom of the working body, six simultaneously and coordinately controlled movement axes. Rigidity of a design surpasses analogs in 5 times. The measuring system is separated from the power system, which ensures long-term stability of characteristics in order to increase the accuracy of measurements [5].

Fig. 6. KIM-750 manufactured by Lapik LLC

Figure 7 presents a comparative analysis of the accuracy of various scanning systems and a universal digital measuring tool.

Fig.7. Comparative analysis of the accuracy of various scanning systems and a universal digital measuring tool

Volumetric scanning systems can solve measurement problems of any complexity in mechanical engineering, architecture, medicine and many other areas.

Unique capabilities provide measurement of objects of very large sizes and complex shapes, allow you to create mathematical models of objects, with the ability to store, analyze and measure them.

Literature:

. from the screen. (date of access: 06/17/2014)

2. Overview of manufacturers of optical measuring systems and their products: part I [Electronic resource] / URL: http://mastermodel.ru/articles/obzor-proizvoditeley-opticheskih-izmeritelnyh-sistem- i-ih-produkcii-chast-i - Ch. from the screen. (date of access: 06/17/2014)

3. Mobile coordinate measuring machines of the FARO Edge Arm series [Electronic resource] / URL: http://www.tesis.com.ru/equip/kimfaro/edge.php — Head. from the screen. (Date of access: 06/17/2014)

4. TESA MICRO-HITE 3D [Electronic resource] / URL: http://www.soyuzcom.ru/index.php?page=catalog&tid=100035 — Head. from the screen. (Date of access: 06/17/2014)

5. KIM 750 Lapik LLC [Electronic resource] / URL: http://www.lapic.ru/prod/models/?m1=2 - Head. from the screen. (date of access: 06/17/2014)

Basic terms (automatically generated) : ATOS, EDGE, FARO, MICRO-HITE, TESA, high precision, mobile coordinate measuring machine, volumetric scanning, optical system, 3D scanning.

Volumetric Measuring Systems | Journal article...

ATOS , EDGE , FARO , MICRO - HITE - measuring machine machine , preparation

In the coordinate system scanning head each possible position of the point on

To do this, you need to set scan along the section so that the X-axis 900 90... Modern geodetic software implementation three-dimensional ...

High productivity and efficiency of the laser process scanning with the possibility of real-time monitoring of field measurements allows you to solve

Cost-effectiveness of using three-dimensional scanning in architecture and construction.

Data processing of ground laser

scanning for...

...cultural heritage, laser scan , drawing, terrestrial laser scan , office processing, high precision measurements , measurement drawing, mobile laser scan , single scan, single system coordinates .

Efficient Composite Machining Machines From...

Machining volumetric products in several axes at once. For multi-axis processing of products, equipment is needed that will provide high precision .

The proposed mobile 5, 6, 7- coordinate METROM machines (Fig. 6) are a unique solution...

3D Scanning Method for Flat Templates

Checking and measuring machine does not give exact template parameters. The accuracy of templates must be within 0.2 mm.

In scan mode system CNC machine moves the sensor line by line (snake) over the prototype of the product.

The Importance Of Laser

Scanning For Environmental Monitoring...

The main advantages of laser scanning technology , without a doubt, include high speed and shooting accuracy , almost unattainable

reception optical system ; spectrum analyzing and recording device (PMT, avalanche photodiode)

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