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Van Gogh Museum 3D Prints Its Own Paintings

Posted inOpinion

by Jillian Steinhauer

Van Gogh Relievos on view in the Harbour City mall in Hong Kong (image via Harbour City on Facebook)

The Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam has begun 3D printing reproductions of a handful of paintings in its own collection, taking art in the age of mechanical reproduction to a whole new level.

The limited-edition reproductions, called Relievos, are the result of a technology developed through a partnership between the museum and Fujifilm. The museum’s press release explains:

The special 3D technique, by means of which these reproductions are produced, goes by the name of Reliefography. This technique is a combination of a three-dimensional scan of the painting and a professional, high-resolution print. A Relievo consists of a faithful reproduction of the front of the painting, as well as of the back and comes in a frame. … Size, colour, brightness and texture are reproduced as accurately as possible to create a full-scale premium 3D replica of a Van Gogh painting. The final result has been approved by the curator of the museum.

The Relievos currently on offer are van Gogh’s “Almond Blossom” (1890), “Sunflowers” (1889), “The Harvest” (1888), “Wheatfield under Thunderclouds” (1890) and “Boulevard de Clichy” (1887). According to the Guardian, they cost £22,000 each (about $34,250).

Detail of a Relievo of van Gogh’s “Wheatfield under Thunderclouds” (courtesy Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam, via artdaily.com) (click to enlarge)

That’s a hefty sum for a reproduction, but it’s also a hell of a lot less than you’d pay for an actual van Gogh. (The artist shows up seven times on this list of the most expensive paintings ever sold.) The price also indicates the purpose of the Relievos, at least in part: to raise money for the museum’s renovation and collection upkeep.  Somewhere between the gift shop and the gallery lies the Relievo.

The press release also gives education reasons for the new venture, namely that the “availability and accessibility of the works of art can be enhanced” and that viewers will be able to touch the Relievos, offering a new kind of museum experience, especially for blind people. While I sort of accept this, in particular its usefulness for those who can’t see, I also resist it: if you’re not offering the actual, original artwork for examination and experience, are you really increasing its availability and accessibility? In other words, will touching a fake van Gogh offer visitors something that looking at a real one can’t?

Anyway, education is all well and good, but tellingly, the Relievos collection was launched last month in a mall in Hong Kong. In a fine bit of journalism, the Guardian asked Axel Rüger, director of the Van Gogh Museum, if he didn’t think people would rather spend that amount of money on an original painting by another artist rather than a limited-edition van Gogh knockoff. He replied, “These are separate markets.”

Separate markets, indeed, and Rüger certainly knows his. Who needs originals when there are sanctioned fakes for sale?

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Tagged: 3D printing, Van Gogh Museum, Vincent van Gogh

Jillian Steinhauer is a former senior editor of Hyperallergic. She writes largely about the intersection of art... More by Jillian Steinhauer

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X-rays, AI and 3D printing bring a lost Van Gogh artwork to life | UCL News

2 September 2022

Using X-rays, artificial intelligence and 3D printing, two UCL researchers reproduced a “lost” work of art by renowned Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh, 135 years after he painted over it.

PhD researchers Anthony Bourached (UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology) and George Cann (UCL Space and Climate Physics), working with artist Jesper Eriksson, used cutting edge technology to recreate a long-concealed Van Gogh painting.

It’s the latest in their “NeoMasters” series of recreations, a project they’ve been working on since 2019 to bring lost works of art to life.

They developed a process to recreate lost works that uses x-ray imaging to see through every layer of paint, AI to extrapolate the artist’s style, and 3D printing to fabricate the final piece. 

This newest effort, dubbed “The Two Wrestlers,” depicts two shirtless wrestlers grappling in front of an abstract background. It recreates a painting originally by Van Gogh who covered over the two figures when he reused the canvas for an unrelated painting of flowers.

Commenting Bourached, who is researching Machine Learning and Behavioural Neuroscience at UCL, said: “How much it is like the original painting is impossible to tell at this point because the information doesn’t exist. I think it’s very convincing - by far the best guess we can get with current technology.”

The obscured image was first discovered in 2012 when art experts at the University of Antwerp investigated whether the work “Still Life with Meadow Flowers and Roses” was an authentic Van Gogh. The researchers examining the artwork used X-rays to peer through the layers of paint and discovered two ghostly figures that had been painted over.

The covered-over wrestlers displayed brush strokes and pigments that were consistent with Van Gogh, and the subject matter was also a common theme at the Antwerp Art Academy where Van Gogh was studying in 1886, authenticating the work. 

“This week I painted a large thing with two nude torsos — two wrestlers… and I really like doing that,” Van Gogh wrote in a letter to his brother Theo in January of 1886.

Bourached and Cann developed a series of algorithms that identified the edges and created an outline of the figures from the X-ray data. They then used a neural network that learned from hundreds of other Van Gogh works to predict the style of colours, details and brushstrokes of the painting. Finally, the team used a 3D printer to construct the final art piece.

Using similar image analysis and fabrication techniques, the team was able to resurrect other images that had been considered lost for many years. In 2021, the team first recreated a painted-over image of a crouching nude woman beneath the painting “The Blind Man’s Meal” by Pablo Picasso. 

“The Two Wrestlers” is being displayed at the Louvre in Paris from 1 to 4 September at the FOCUS Art Fair, alongside three other NeoMasters works, including ones recreating works by Leonardo Da Vinci and Amedeo Modigliani. The exhibition is being put on in conjunction with the MORF Gallery in California and the researcher’s company Oxia Palus.

 

Links 

  • Anthony Bourached's academic profile
  • George Cann's academic profile
  • UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
  • UCL Space and Climate Physics
  • Focus Art Fair
  • Oxia Palus
  • The Morf Gallery

Image

  • Top image - "The Two Wrestlers" completed work.
  • Bottom image - The five-step process the team developed. From left to right: The covered-over painting as it appears today, the x-ray image of the still life with the figures underneath, AI-assisted edge detection of the two figures, a computer-generated interpretation of its likely style and colour, and the final 3D-printed image.

Media Contact

Mike Lucibella

E: m.lucibella [at] ucl.ac.uk

Tweets by @uclnews

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

X-ray, artificial intelligence and 3D printing revived the lost work of Vincent van Gogh - The Future on vc.ru

I recently read an interesting article on Tech Xplore from University College London about how modern technology helped restore the lost work of Vincent van Gogh.

356 views

Hello, my name is Gleb Shalimov, I am a student of Innopolis University. In my telegram channel, I find interesting startups on Product Hunt and talk about them. I will be very happy if you subscribe to the channel. nine0003

Below is an adapted translation of the article for further discussion.

Using X-rays, artificial intelligence and 3D printing, two University of California researchers have reproduced a "lost" piece of art by renowned Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh 135 years after he painted it over.

"Two Fighters" Source: University College London

Doctoral students Anthony Burached (UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology) and George Kahn (UCL Space and Climate Physics), in collaboration with artist Jesper Eriksson, have used cutting-edge technology to recreate a long-hidden Van Gogh painting. nine0003

This is the latest recreation of the "NeoMasters" series, a project they've been working on since 2019 to bring lost works of art back to life.

They developed a process for recreating lost art that uses x-ray imaging to see every layer of paint, artificial intelligence to extrapolate the artist's style, and 3D printing to produce the final piece.

Titled "Two Wrestlers", this new work depicts two shirtless wrestlers wrestling against an abstract backdrop. She recreates a painting originally painted by Van Gogh, who painted over the two figures when he used the canvas for another flower painting. nine0003

Burached, who studies machine learning and behavioral neuroscience at UCL, says:

How much this is similar to the original painting, it is impossible to say now, because the information does not exist. I think it's very convincing - it's the best guess we can get with current technology.

Anthony Burached

Source: University College London

nine0002 The obscure image was first discovered in 2012 when art experts from the University of Antwerp were investigating whether "Still Life with Meadow Flowers and Roses" was a genuine work by Van Gogh. Researchers examining the artwork used X-rays to look through layers of paint and found two ghostly figures that had been painted over.

The covered wrestlers show brush strokes and pigments that are consistent with Van Gogh, and this theme was also a common theme at the Antwerp Academy of Art where Van Gogh studied in 1886, thus confirming the authenticity of the work. nine0003

This week I painted a big thing with two naked torsos - two wrestlers ... and I really like to do it

Vincent van Gogh in a letter to his brother Theo in January 1886

Burached and Kann developed a series of algorithms that determined the edges and created the outline of shapes from x-ray data. They then used a neural network that had learned from hundreds of other Van Gogh paintings to predict the style of the painting's colors, details and brush strokes. Finally, the team used a 3D printer to create the final painting. nine0003

Using similar image analysis and fabrication techniques, the team was able to resurrect other images that had been thought lost for years. In 2021, for the first time, the team recreated a painted-over image of a crooked nude woman under Pablo Picasso's The Blind Man's Meal.

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